Text (translated from the 1584 Latin 3rd Add., 1584 Latin, 1584 German 3rd Add., 1587 French, 1588 Spanish, 1592 Latin, 1595 Latin, 1598 Dutch, 1598 French, 1601 Latin, 1602 German, 1602 Spanish, 1603 Latin, 1606 English, 1608/1612 Italian, 1609/1612/1641 Spanish and 1609/1612 Latin edition)
49.1. {1584L3Add{The coast of NARBONNE of Gallia
49.2. The main places along this coast are described by William Paradinus in these words: Arles was a settlement of the Sextains, as some Writers state. Situated on the Rhosne, it is surrounded by Marshes in which at this moment there is a breed of fierce and untamed Cattle. Once it was a famous Market town, as Strabo relates in the following manner: Narbo (he says), the busiest Market of this Region is situated at the outlet of the river Ataxis {1587F & 1588S have instead{Aude}1587F & 1588S instead} near lake Narbonensis, but the town of Arles, a market of no small importance is situated on the Rhodanus. Near Arles are those hot baths where Sextius (according to Strabo) built a town after his own name, calling it Aquæ Sextiæ. The reason why he built it was to place a Roman garrison there. Here the Cimbri {1587F & 1598F only{who are those that come from Holsatia and coastal cities}1587F & 1598F only} were slain by Marius, as St. Hieronymus writes. <Another main place is> Aurasio, now called Orange, famous in former times for the government of the Gabali or Cabilonenses, in which I saw the ruins of a huge <Amphi>theatre, and a mighty wall built of square stones, the like of which I doubt to find anywhere else in France.
49.3. There is also at the gate towards Lyon a triumphal arch, with a tilt or horse tournament engraved on it, which we looked at for a long time with great pleasure. To this city belongs Nemausum, now called Arenas {1587F & 1588S have instead{Nismes}1587F & 1588S instead}, a place famous for its ancient <Amphi>theatre that remains there. Here is a most wonderful passage underground, passing under the very course of Rhodanus and leading to the city which is far away. Here also you may see the Palace of Plotina, built by Hadrianus the Emperor, as Spartianus reports, &c. So much from Paradinus. But of all others, Ioannes Poldo d'Albena has described this city most accurately, and published its antiquities in pictures, with the locations and ancient names of adjacent cities. About this subject, read Strabo in his fourth book, and Guntherius, a Poet from Genoa. The original <version> of this Map was given to me by my friend Carolus Clusius {not in 1584G3Add, 1587F, 1588S, 1592L, 1602G & 1602S{of Arras}not in 1584G3Add, 1587F, 1588S, 1592L, 1602G & 1602S}, drawn by his own hand.
49.4. SAVOIE.
49.5. SAVOIE is located on this side of the Alps, the Prince of which, called the Duke of Savoie, is <also> Lord of the Region of Piemont, as they say. Its main city is Chambery {not in 1587F & 1598F{(formerly called Ciuaro according to Cœnalis)}not in 1587F & 1598F}, where the Senate or Parliament resides. Some people think this region was called Sabaudia after certain people called Sebusiani or, as others suppose, after Sabbatian lords. But Bouillus gives another source for this name. For this region (he says), due to its narrow passages (situated as it is in the Alps) and due to the scarcity of inhabitants used to be infested with thieves, who either robbed or murdered those travellers that passed this way. Then a certain Nobleman obtained it from the Emperor under the title of a Dukedom and he expelled by force of arms all those thieves and robbers, and made the route most secure for travellers. This done, he ordered it to be named Salva via, commonly Saulvoy, {1606E only{that is, The safe way,}1606E only} which before that was called Mala via, or also Maulvoy, {1602G & 1606E only{The evil or dangerous way}1602G & 1606E only}. Hence the Romans called it Sabaudia. So far Carolus Bouillus. Whether it be a fable or a history, I appeal to the author's trustworthiness. {not in 1587F & 1598F{One thing I am sure of is, that the word SAPAUDIA is often used in the book called Notitiæ provinciarum as a name of one of the provinces of Gallia Narbonensis}not in 1587F & 1598F}.
49.6. But here I do not think it amiss to append the description of this province from the history which Paradinus wrote about it. His words are these: That region which in Latin is now called Sabaudia (commonly Savoy) was called Allobroges by ancient Writers. It contains the entire area in former times inhabited by the Sabbatij, Ingauni, Intimelij, Hiconij, Tricorij, Vocontij, Lepontij, Latobrigi, Medualli, Centrones, Catoriges, Veragri, Nantuarij, Salassi, Tharanthasij and the Seduni. The regions included in it at this moment are named as follows: Savoy, the county of Geneva, the Marquisette of Susa, the county of Morienne, the Baronies of Tharentaise, Brengeois, Foucigni, Chablais, Val de Oste, Païs de Vaul, Païs de Geis and some others.
49.7. The Duchy of Savoy also commands the region of Piemont, and is adorned with the title of a Princedom. Also the region of Bresse in which you find the counties of Varaz, Mountreueil, Pont de Vaulx, Bagey &c. From ancient monuments it becomes clear that this region in former times bore the name of a Kingdom, particularly in the days of Hannibal who, being appointed as a judge between Bronchus and his brother about the government of this city, resolved their quarrel and restored the kingdom to the eldest, who had been expelled by his younger brother, as Livius reports in his 21st {1602G has instead{32nd}1602G instead} book. Florus also states that Betultus (some read it as Betuitus), the King of this place, was taken captive by Quintus Fabius Maximus. And various authors refer to King Cottius at the time of Emperor Augustus, after whom the neighbouring Alps were called Cottiæ. {1601L not in 1602G{More concerning this region you may read in Philibert Pingonicus}1601L, not in 1602G}.
49.8. The County of VENACIN {1608/1612I only{or Avignone}1608/1612I only}.
49.9. The County of Venacin, in Latin called Comitatus VENVXINVS {not in 1584L3Add, 1584L, 1584G3Add, 1587F, 1588S, 1598F, 1602G, 1602S & 1609/1612/1641S{and by Cœnalis VENETICVS}not in 1602G, 1602S & 1609/1612/1641S}, {not in 1592L{and also the Pope's territory, because it is under his jurisdiction}not in 1584L3Add, 1584L, 1584G3Add, 1587F, 1588S, 1592L & 1598F}, is part of that region of France now called Provence, and formerly Narbonensa secunda. Its main city is Avignon {not in 1584G3Add, 1587F, 1588S, 1602G & 1602S{Cauarum}not in 1584G3Add, 1587F, 1588S, 1602G & 1602S}, situated on the Rhosne. It is the Pope's town, and <it> held the Papal see for a while. In this county there are three Bishoprics, where matters of law are also decided upon, namely Carpentras, Cavaglion {1603L has instead{Lisla}1603L instead}{1606E only{or Lisle}1606E only} and Vaurias {1588S has instead{Basas}1588S instead}, {1584L3Add, 1584L, 1584G3Add, 1588S, 1592L, 1595L, 1601L, 1602G, 1608/1612I & 1609/1612L have instead{three bishoprics, namely Carpentoractensis, Caballicensis and Vasionensis and three where matters of law are decided, namely Carpentoracte, Lisla & Vaurias}1584L3Add, 1584L, 1584G3Add, 1588S, 1592L, 1595L, 1601L, 1602G, 1608/1612I & 1609/1612L instead}. In this Map is also included the Princedom of Orange, {not in 1598F{so called after Orange, its chief city, famous in Sidonius and Ptolemæus {not in 1584G3Add & 1602G{under the name of Arausio}not in 1584G3Add & 1602G}. Plinius and Pomponius call it Arausia Secundanorum. COL. ARAVSIO SECVNDANOR. COH. XXXIII. VOLVNT. is found engraved on an ancient stone}not in 1587F & 1598F}. More concerning this region you may read in Belleforest and Thevet}1584L3Add}.
<The 1598 Dutch text differs so much from the text presented above, that I will provide its translation separately below>.
49.10. {1598D only{Languedoc and the Provence.
49.11. This map only shows the sea coast of the Land of Languedoc and the Provence. Languedoc is called as it is because where the other French say ouy for yes, these people say oc. Thus Languedoc simply means The Language of Oc. <according to this reasoning, it should mean The language of yes or OK>. The main cities on this map are Lyons, a very ancient city, pleasantly located on the junction of two rivers, the Sone and the Rhone. It is a large merchant city. Marsilien is an old harbour, built by the Greek a long time ago. Arles on the Rhone was once a big merchant city, as Strabo writes.
49.12. Avignon, built at the same river, is a large and rich city, for some time the see of the Popes. Nimes is an old city with many ancient monuments, such as the Amphitheatre or Coliseum and the Temples, about which Ian Poldo has written an entire book, pleasant to read for those who love ancient structures. In Orange there is also an amphitheatre, and other antiquities, such as Triumphal Arcs and the like.
49.13. Montpellier has a well known University, renowned for its Medicine and Law all over Europe. Then there are Narbone and other cities, as the Reader will see on this map. Out of friendship, we obtained this small map from Carolus Clusius, Doctor in Medicine, who desined it on the spot.
49.14. Savoie.
49.15. Savoie is located on this side of the high mountain range called Alps, the Prince of which, called the Duke of Savoie, is <also> Lord of the Region of Piemont. Its main city is Chambery, where the Senate or Parliament resides. Some people think this region was called <Sabaudia> after certain people called Sebusiani or, as others suppose, after Sabbatian fords. But Bouillus gives another source for this name. For this region (he says), due to its narrow passages and due to the scarcity of inhabitants used to be infested with thieves, who either robbed or murdered those travellers that passed this way.
49.16. Then a certain Nobleman obtained it from the Emperor under the title of a Dukedom and he expelled by force of arms all those thieves and robbers, and made the route most secure for travellers. This done, he ordered it to be named Salva via, commonly Saulvoy, that is, The safe way, which before that was called Mala via, or also Maulvoy, The evil or dangerous way. So far Carolus Bouillus. Whether it be a fable or a history, I appeal to the author's trustworthiness.
49.17. But here I do not think it amiss to append the description of this province from the history which Paradini wrote about it. His words are these: That region which in Latin is now called Sabaudia (commonly Savoy) was called Allobroges by ancient Writers. It contains the entire area in former times inhabited by the Ingavni, Intimelij, Hiconij, Tricorij, Vocontij, Lepontij, Latobrigi, Medvalli, Centrones, Catoriges, Veragri, Nantuarij, Salassi, Tharantasij and the Seduni. The regions included in it at this moment are named as follows: Savoy, the county of Geneva, the Marquisette of Susa, the county of Morienne, the Baronies of Tharentaise, Brengeois, Foucigni, Chablais, Val de Oste, Pais de Vaul, Pais de Geis and some others.
49.18. The Duchy of Savoy commands the region of Piemont, adorned with the title of a Princedom. Also the region of Bresse in which you find the counties of Varaz, Mountreueil, Pont de Vaulx, Begey &c. From ancient monuments it becomes clear that this region in former times bore the name of a Kingdom, particularly in the days of Hannibal who, being appointed as a judge between Bronchus and his brother about the government of this city, resolved their quarrel and restored the kingdom to the eldest, who had been expelled by his younger brother, as Livius reports in his 12th book.
49.19. Florus also states that Betultus (some read it as Betuitus), the King of this place, was taken captive by Q. Fabius Maximus. And various authors refer to King Cottius at the time of Emperor Augustus, after whom the neighbouring Alps were called Cottiæ.
49.20. The County of VENACIN.
49.21. The County of Venacin, in Latin called Comitatus Venuxinus and by Cœnalis Veneticus, is part of that region of France now called Provence, and formerly Narbonensa secunda. Its main city is Avignon, situated on the Rhone. It is the Pope's town, and <it> held the Papal see for a while. In this county there are three Bishoprics, where matters of law are also decided upon, namely Carpentras, Cavaillon and Vaison, and further Carpentras.
49.22. In this Map is also included the Princedom of Orange, so called after Orange, its chief city, famous in Sidonius and Ptolemæus. More concerning this region you may read in Belleforest and Thevet}1598D only} © Marcel van den Broecke ©.